What about making the “tail” the hitbox for the asteroid belts? This can be done by making multiple hitboxes to shape a ring or just a large ring hitbox.
For orbiting, it would just orbit either in the inside areas or outside, I think about it like many planets in 1 orbit but you can’t orbit in the sides.
Finally for the animation, In zoomed out state it shouldn’t be remade with that amount of asteroids, it can be replaced with simple rotating dots like how ships, planets, stars are done.
In zoomed in sections, it can be left as it’s, not every single asteroid will be shown in the screen anyway.
Even after all of this, there’s one tiny issue. Asteroid belts have “satellites” around them…